Architecture is the art of designing and constructing buildings and
other physical structures. Architecture is as old as human history because it
is the basic need of a human being. Architecture symbolizes the history,
culture, traditions, technology, and climate of the nation. In primitive ages,
the man was used to living in caves but with the passage of time trends
changed. As "necessity is the mother of invention" human beings
started to make houses made up of stones to protect themselves from extreme
climatic conditions and also from wild animals. New innovations and new trends
prevailed and human beings started to make houses with bricks made up of mud,
then they started baking these bricks to make them much stronger to protect
themselves from other natural disasters.
Till now, many of the artists and great philosophers have defined
architecture but it has no static definition. It is the art which is directly
concerned with all human beings because of a man rather rich or poor, tall or
short or may live in any part of the world has to face architecture in his
lifetime. It can't be avoided rather we like it or not. William Morris defined
architecture as the "molding and altering to the human needs of the very
face of the earth itself." According to John Rustin, it is the art for all
to learn because all are concerned with it. It is affected by climate, culture,
technology, and needs of the society. The architecture of a nation highly
depicts the taste of its people. Architecture is also considered as frozen
music. Sir Henry Watson says that architecture is commodity, firmness, and
delight.
Greek architecture is considered as most primitive architecture and
long lasting too. In Greek architecture mostly Parthenon (Parthenon of Athens)
and temples are included. This is also considered as one of the wonders of the
world. Greeks mostly used stone carvings and the philosophy behind all their
architecture is to make some place for worship. Ancient architecture mostly
includes stone carving, wood carving and most of the construction work is done
by the human hand which made it so unique. Most of the buildings are
symmetrical where repetition of design and patterns can be seen. Similarly,
Roman, Gothic, Egyptian and Indian architecture is an elegant example of
ancient architecture. It tells us all about the culture, climate, and
traditions of these civilizations. It seems that much hard work and struggle
has been exerted to build these buildings. Materials used in these buildings
are mostly natural like stone, marble, sand, wood etc. Repetition of ideas and
materials could be seen in ancient architecture because of the lack of
technology.
In short, architecture whether good or bad has a great impact on our
lives. It is the symbol of the strength and progress of the nation but the
architecture must be aesthetically pleasing and environmentally friendly to
save our planet earth and to mold its face in a beautiful manner. Many trends
have been passed away and many will come but its only purpose is to provide
shelter for human beings and to create the world where they can live with peace
and tranquility.
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